Illustration of the IPA Vietnamese (Hanoi Vietnamese)

Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 2011, 12 p.
It is important to make a distinction between ‘literary Vietnamese’, a prescriptive construct in which several orthographic distinctions are maintained in production, and the colloquial or standard speech of a given dialect region. This illustration describes the modern Hanoi dialect of Northern Vietnamese; segmental and tonal inventories, as well as lexicon, vary considerably between Vietnamese dialects, including those spoken in areas adjacent to Hanoi.